Different Types Of Industrial Printing Machines 
In the industrial set up of the economy, the printing machines are growing in large numbers. Different printing techniques and processes are used by every industry for effective communication. Any machine used in printing ink on the substrate (printing medium) which can be cloth, paper or plastic, is referred to as the printing machinery. By applying pressure to the substrate, the printing machinery transfers the ink on the printing medium resting on an inked platform composed of movable type. The development of industrial printing machines changed a lot of things in the world. It would make transfer and preservation of historical records, scientific findings, and knowledge easy and possible. There is a great advancement in the printing machinery introduced in the market today given the improvement in science and technology. There is a competition in the industry, as many companies are now making printing press. As every company is introducing better features and making an effort to overcome the other competitors, this has led to the introduction of many enhanced features in printing machinery. With the introduction of various features in these types of machinery, printing is now easier to be done than it was in earlier days.

Today, printing machinery is available in many sizes to suit different needs. Bigger sizes of printing machinery are available for heavy-duty printing or big-time printing businesses. You can get small and medium sizes too for small and medium printing businesses. The machinery size determines the volume of printing that will be done in a day, to a greater extent. When compared with small-sized printing machinery, the heavy industrial printing machines can print a lot of things per hour or regularly. There are different types of printing machines for printing on a different medium since different printing machines make use of different printing technology. Each of the below-mentioned printing machinery is meant to serve a particular purpose. You must consider your printing needs or the type of printing that you are doing before you want to buy or order for your printing machine. Several factors such as the size, the type of printing done, the seller, the brand, and others determine the cost.

A) Digital Printers
The digital printing machines have gained immense popularity for short to medium run jobs requiring high clarity, quality, and fine printing. A vibrant quality image is delivered with these types of printers. By providing cost-effective and fine printing solutions, these affordable and high-performance machines are revolutionizing the printing industry. Because of the on-demand services, digital printing equipment ensures fast turnaround time. Digital printers are ideally suited to publish a small print run of posters and books. They have many advantages over traditional methods.


B) Screen Printers
These are one of the versatile printing machines that are compatible to work on many surfaces including ceramics, textiles, wood, paper, metal, glass, and plastic. The Screen Printers can print on substrates of any shape, size, and thickness. They are capable of providing exciting effects that cannot be possible with other printing methods. The reason behind this is the presence of the broad range of dyes and inks which are five in types such as - solvent, water, solvent plastisol, UV curable, and water plastisol. Sharp-edged images are created by making use of stencils. The Automatic Screen Printers are an ideal choice and an economical way of printing when you need to produce nameplates, labels, signs, t-shirts, shirts, and other articles in large volumes.
Moreover, to create large batches of graphics as posters or display stands, the Manual Screen Printer is used. You can also create full-color prints. The screen printing is also known as serigraphy or silk-screening. It can also be used to print images on DVDs, CDs.

C) Laser Printers
Laser printers are the most common type of printing machine and have remained a popular choice for consumers. There remains a misconception that laser printers use actual lasers to print the paper in some way. But, to clear the air, laser printers use static electricity to print the documents. Due to their ability to produce crisp and rapid printing, laser printers are popular.

D) Pad Printers
It’s a type of offset printing that provides fast and high clarity printing. One of the most versatile printing technique that is used to print three-dimensional objects. In industrial printing, the Pad Printer reigns supreme for high quality and fine printing on various materials including rubber, ceramic, metal, and plastic. The quality and printing speed of Automatic Pad Printer depends on the thickness of stock/paper, type of inks used and other operating conditions.

Hot foil stamping is the process of using heat and pressure to apply metallic foil or holograms to materials such as light papers, carton board, laminated board, plastics and corrugated board.
Application across industries
Hot Foil Stamping Machine is used across a wide range of industry sectors, but most notably in food and drink (particularly confectionary such as premium chocolate, wine and liquor bottles, and other premium foods), cosmetics, electronics, banknotes, business cards, greeting cards and art work.
There is no doubt about the value of embellishments like hot foil stamping. According to a study by the Foil & Specialty Effects Association (FSEA), hot foil stamping and other similar enhancements on product packaging can help attract consumer attention faster and keep attention longer than ordinary packaging. In another study of disposable single-serve coffee packaging, the packaging with gold foil attracted the study participants attention 2.5 times faster than the control packaging.
It is not just about looking good. Hot foil stamping is also used for its anti-counterfeiting properties, particularly in pharmaceuticals, and in technology such as smart phones.

What Does Peripheral Equipment Mean?
Mahchine Peripheral Equipment refers to non-essential devices or equipment connected to a host computer, usually externally, in order to extend its capabilities. Peripheral equipment may not be essential to the computer's operation, but it is often needed in order for a user to interact with the computer.
The best examples of peripheral devices are input and output devices. Input devices are those that take external stimuli and send it to the computer for processing, such as keyboards, mice and microphones. Output devices take processed information and send it outside of the computer for human communication or inter-computer communication. This includes monitors, network adapters and printers. Internal peripheral devices, often called integrated peripherals, might include a CD-ROM drive or modem.

Fasteners 101: Types of Fasteners and How to Choose Them 
Fasteners play very important roles in making several objects. Suppose you do regular DIY projects. In that case, there’s every possibility that you used fasteners to get your job done. They help hold parts in place while preventing excess vibration and pressure. There are many different types of fasteners. The different types also come with a reasonably high level of variability.
In this article, we will discuss the different types of fasteners as well as their subtypes. We’ll also give you the important tips to help you select the right fastener for your work. Before we dive into the details, let’s start by defining fasteners.

What Is a Fastener?
The term ‘fastener’ is an encompassing term that describes a broad range of tools. These tools include screws, bolts, nuts, etc., and they share a common aim. The aim is to enable the mechanical adherence of objects. In simple terms, Subway Fasteners help to hold objects in place or together mechanically.
You may argue that glue can perform this function effectively. If the glue is not an example of fasteners, then what is a fastener? This will prompt us to expand on the initial definition. Hardware fasteners are those that help to hold objects together mechanically.
There is a broad classification of fasteners. It classifies them into Permanent and Non-Permanent fasteners. Generally, fasteners are considered to form non-permanent joints. That is, you should be able to separate two components connected with a fastener. While the pieces come apart, they must not suffer any form of damage. An exception to this rule is the rivet, which is a permanent fastener.
The fact that most fasteners form non-permanent joints does not mean that the joint is weak. Using the fasteners with properly formed threads will give you a reliable hold on your objects. That way, you can be sure that your object can be subject to a high level of stress. They are highly versatile, making them useful for various types of joints.

There is an extensive array of mechanical Railway Fasteners available. However, it is important that you choose the right one for your application. Choosing the right fastener is not only important for productivity purposes. It is also crucial for the safety of the process and the plant workers. Let’s look at how to choose the right fastener at all times.
Know the Application
The types of fasteners you use will always depend on the requirements of your application. You have to consider if your Spring Bar Type I Fasteners will fit. The design of the fastener can be vital in knowing the amount of torque it can take. You may need a very long flange bolt to hold several components of your parts.
Also, you need to consider leaving some threads of the fastener out. This is to ensure the safety of the material and personnel. Sometimes, you may find more than one type of fastener working. In that case, you need to seek the experience of experts to decide the right one for the work.

What are sleepers?
Traditionally used on railways, Sleepers have many other uses in construction and for home improvement projects. Wooden sleepers are still in use today, but they've largely been replaced by concrete sleepers as a cheaper and lower-maintenance alternative.
Concrete sleepers are available in plain grey or a range of colours and styles to match different projects. Two popular options are heritage concrete sleepers, for a traditional look, or structural concrete sleepers reinforced with metal, if more support is needed.
What are structural concrete sleepers?
Structural concrete sleepers are sleepers made from concrete that have been reinforced with steel. These sleepers are extremely strong and can be used in all kind of projects that require structural support.
These New Type II Sleepers are held together using modular posts that are set in concrete for added strength. In higher walls, or where extra strength is required, steel I-beams that are set in concrete are used (simply slot the sleepers into either side of the I-beam).
Just because they're made from concrete doesn't mean you have to be stuck with boring old “concrete grey”. There are pigments that can be mixed through the concrete to give you different colours. As the colour is all the way through the concrete, it won't fade, chip, or peel away.

Various Cement Products are the basic ingredient of concrete. Concrete is formed when portland cement creates a paste with water that binds with sand and rock to harden.
Cement is manufactured through a closely controlled chemical combination of calcium, silicon, aluminum, iron and other ingredients.
Common materials used to manufacture cement include limestone, shells, and chalk or marl combined with shale, clay, slate, blast furnace slag, silica sand, and iron ore. These ingredients, when heated at high temperatures form a rock-like substance that is ground into the fine powder that we commonly think of as cement.
Bricklayer Joseph Aspdin of Leeds, England first made portland cement early in the 19th century by burning powdered limestone and clay in his kitchen stove. With this crude method, he laid the foundation for an industry that annually processes literally mountains of limestone, clay, cement rock, and other materials into a powder so fine it will pass through a sieve capable of holding water.
Cement plant laboratories check each step in the manufacture of portland cement by frequent chemical and physical tests. The labs also analyze and test the finished product to ensure that it complies with all industry specifications.
The most common way to manufacture portland cement is through a dry method. The first step is to quarry the principal raw materials, mainly limestone, clay, and other materials. After quarrying the rock is crushed. This involves several stages. The first crushing reduces the rock to a maximum size of about 6 inches. The rock then goes to secondary crushers or hammer mills for reduction to about 3 inches or smaller.

The 8 Best Natural Ingredients for Your Skin 
Not Everything Natural Is Good for Your Skin — Here is How to Pick What is the Best
Most of us think that "natural" is code for better. Unfortunately, just as there are good and bad Functional Food&Beverage Ingredients, there are good and bad natural ones. To help you with your selection, top skin-care experts share the natural ingredients that have been proven to be the most effective. These natural wonders can help battle breakouts, soothe irritation, treat uneven pigmentation, and even prevent sun damage, in some cases.
And more specifically, here’s what you should know about these good-for-your-skin Natural Fruit Powder.
This healthy drink contains high levels of antioxidant chemicals — including catechins, such as epigallocatechin gallate, and flavonoids, such as kaempferol and theaflavin — to help prevent and reverse UV damage to the skin, explains Neal Schultz, MD, a dermatologist in New York City and creator of BeautyRx Skincare. These same chemicals make green tea an excellent natural anti-inflammatory and skin soothing ingredient in skin care.

Dietary Supplement Ingredients can be beneficial to your health — but taking supplements can also involve health risks. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) does not have the authority to review dietary supplement products for safety and effectiveness before they are marketed.
You have heard about them, may have used them, and may have even recommended them to friends or family. While some dietary supplements, like Protein Powder, are well understood and established, others need further study. Read on for important information for you and your family about dietary supplements.
Before making decisions about whether to take a supplement, talk to your healthcare provider. They can help you achieve a balance between the foods and nutrients you personally need.

What are dietary supplements?
Dietary supplements include such ingredients as vitamins, minerals, herbs, amino acids, and enzymes.
Dietary Fiber Powder is marketed in forms such as tablets, capsules, softgels, gelcaps, powders, and liquids.

What are the benefits of dietary supplements?
Some supplements can help assure that you get enough of the vital substances the body needs to function; others may help reduce the risk of disease. But supplements should not replace complete meals which are necessary for a healthful diet – so, be sure you eat a variety of foods as well.
Unlike drugs, supplements are not permitted to be marketed for the purpose of treating, diagnosing, preventing, or curing diseases. That means supplements should not make disease claims, such as “lowers high cholesterol” or “treats heart disease.” Claims like these cannot be legitimately made for dietary supplements.

The use of new Natural Pharmaceutical & Nutritonal Supplement Ingredients from traditional and indigenous plants and herbs will continue to be a ‘key driver’ in the natural beauty market, with consumers’ appetites for new innovation in the sector showing no signs of dimming.

Consumers want to use natural, renewable and sustainable cosmetics that are good for them and the world. However, most of the ingredients and packaging materials used today are made from fossil fuels, plastics or palm oil, which are related to many environmental and ethical issues. We produce high-value Personalcare & Cosmetic Raw Material from a branch of the forest industry, enabling our customers to make breakthrough innovations in the beauty industry.
The biologically active compounds that we can process from raw materials provide many physiological, functional and active properties for skin care, body care, oral care and hair care formulations. For example, Innomost has developed birch bark-derived ingredients that can replace wax and petroleum and other ingredients that bring active ingredients or functional properties such as azelaic acid, cork and birch brain (such as birchbark powder for scrubbing). Our ingredients have many possibilities.

2 Times It's Better to Use Body Wash Over Bar Soap—and 3 Times It Isn't 
You think taking a Shower & Bath would be a rather straightforward task. After all, all you need to do is hop under the toasty water, grab a little cleanser, and scrub the day away. But hold on a second—the cleanser you are using might not be the ideal one for your skin.
Sorry to burst everyone's soap bubbles, but there is, in fact, a difference between soaps, body washes, and shower gels, and that difference matters, depending on your skin type and even where you live. To figure out the best product to wash your body with, we asked Ilyse Lefkowicz, MD, a board-certified dermatologist specializing in general and cosmetic dermatology, and the global dermatologist for Head and Shoulders, for all the answers.

What is the difference between bar soap and body wash?
"The main difference between a bar cleanser and body wash is the form they come in and how they interact with skin," says Dr. Lefkowicz (she prefers to use the word "bar" instead of "Soaps," since people often associate the latter with something too harsh). "Both bar cleansers and body wash will cleanse. However, certain bars may be harsher than body wash and can remove essential lipids and proteins, or alter the skin’s pH level, which can cause skin irritation."
For people with normal to dry skin, or people looking for milder product formulas, Dr. Lefkowicz says body wash is best. For people with oily skin types, living somewhere hot and humid, or people just looking for a very deep wash—like after a workout—she recommends using a bar as a quick and easy way to get clean.
Dr. Lefkowicz also finds body washes to be slightly more hygienic than Bath Bars. That's because bacteria can live on bars and remain on there from shower to shower and person to person. "To avoid bacteria buildup, always rinse it between use and allow to drain and dry completely," Dr. Lefkowicz adds. "With a body wash, it is easier to avoid bacteria buildup since it doesn't touch skin while in the bottle."

What is the difference between shower gel and body wash?
They are similar, but not identical. Both are liquid cleansers, typically made with emollients to soften the skin and mild surfactants that create a rich, foamy lather. The main difference is in their consistencies and concentration of ingredients. “Shower gel has a firmer, gel-like consistency, and typically has a higher concentration of fragrance," Dr. Lefkowicz says. "Body washes tend to be more hydrating and moisturizing, which makes it more useful in harsher, colder weather to help avoid stripping moisture away from the skin, which can open it up to damage."
According to Dr. Lefkowicz, Shower Gel & Bath Jellys are an excellent choice for people living in particularly hot, humid climates or with naturally oily skin. "Because shower gel is less moisturizing than body wash, it's better for those living in warmer climates or for people with oily skin," she says.

There are a number of over-the-counter (OTC) products available to help keep your skin smooth. Be sure to use Skin Care products that are right for your skin type for the best results.

• Skin exfoliators. Scrubs can help slough away dead skin cells that can build up on your skin, causing it to feel rough and look uneven. To exfoliate safely, apply the scrub in a slow circular motion using very light pressure, and only exfoliate once a week.
  
  
• Alpha hydroxy acid (AHA). AHAs are plant and animal acids used in skincare products. They exfoliate, promote collagen and blood flow, and improve the appearance of wrinkles for Face Care. They are also used to treat acne and skin discoloration.
  
  
• Moisturizers. Moisturizer Body Care adds an extra layer of protection to your skin and helps it stay hydrated. Choosing a facial moisturizer and applying it daily can help to keep skin smooth. Do not forget to apply a moisturizing body lotion to help keep the rest of your skin smooth.
  
  
• Dry brushing. Dry brushing involves using a natural, stiff-bristled brush to exfoliate the skin. Use the brush on dry skin, and brush in long fluid strokes on your limbs, and in a circular motion on your back and torso.
  
  
• Mild, gentle cleansers. The American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) recommends washing your face with a gentle, non-abrasive, alcohol-free cleanser in the morning and before bed, as well as after sweating.
  

What is EPS Shape Moulding Machine and How does it work 
EPS Machine system adopts multiple heating method, adopts solid and shifting balance valve system, control instrument and control valve parts to complete the cycle, thus making the machine more steam saving. The unstable factors of product quality caused by unstable steam source are solved and the quality is greatly improved. Steam and cooling water valves are imported components, safe operation, stable performance, foam molding machine can operate 2-3 machines.
The working principle of foam molding machine is similar to the principle of syringe, it is by virtue of the thrust of screw, the plastic has been plasticized into the molten state of injection into the mold cavity, after curing and shaping the product process.Injection molding is a cyclic process, one cycle mainly includes: quantitative feeding – melt plasticizing – pressure injection – mold cooling – mold opening and taking. After the product is taken out, the mold is closed again for the next cycle.
EPS Shape Molding Machine can change different Mould to produce different foam products, EPS Mould can be customized, the most common foam vegetable boxes, foam fish boxes, seedling trays, ICF Blocks and So on.

We have recently begun to manufacture a series of machinery and equipment for EPS Mould facilities that require high multi-fold expansion capabilities.
EPS Raw Material Project is the first pre-expanding machine to produce EPS beads with a density of 16-20g/l and a capacity of 1,500-2,000kg/h. The main purpose of this multi-expansion design is to have a secondary expansion capacity of 120/150m3/h.
The heating coil type fluidized bed dryer is made of stainless steel. In addition, the steam surface of the all stainless steel steam container is a wedge-shaped line. The machine is fully automatic. PLC with touch screen and Mitsubishi trademark as an automatic control partner is optional. It is equipped with a vibration sensor and an automatic density control unit.
We manufacture various types of block and shape forming EPS processing machinery and equipment, such as vertical block forming machines, automatic cutting lines, and forming machines.

Expandable polystyrene (EPS) and other industrial Styrofoam are 98% air which makes them very bulky in comparison to their weight. Because of the high volume, products made with these materials fill dumpsters quickly, leading to much higher waste disposal costs.
Foam Compactors reduce the volume of EPS, and in turn, fewer fees are incurred in the process. Also, a benefit, compacted foam products and industrial Styrofoam can be shipped economically to a recycling center. Compacting foam plastics can save thousands in unnecessary waste disposal costs!
EPS Recycling Machine can benefit a wide variety of markets. Here are some examples of businesses that can benefit from it.

• Manufacturers
  
  
• Furniture Stores
  
  
• Appliance Stores
  
  
• Food/Seafood Companies
  
  
• Property Management Agencies
  
  
• Retailers
  
  
• Schools/School Districts
  
  
• Stadiums and Parks
  
  
• Expandable Plastic Recycling Programs
  

Stone crushing equipment: a vital contributor to sustainable construction 
Stone Crushers are extensively used to crush bulk and heavy stones into different sizes efficiently and reliably, be it at quarries or recycling plants. There has been a considerable rise in mining activities across the world to meet the burgeoning requirement of valuable minerals or other geological materials. Global stone crushing equipment market size is anticipated to hit US$8.5 billion by 2025, with the consistent deployment of jaw and impact crushers.
A rise in urbanization, along with the increase in transportation activities across the globe is coercing governments to develop roads and highways. Increasing establishment of factories, SEZs, residential properties and corporate offices in developing nations is furthermore pushing infrastructure spending. Like much other large equipment used in industrial and construction settings, stone crushing plants are also bound by environmental policies.

When mining natural river sand or making artificial sand, also called machine-made sand, manufactured sand, M-sand, mud and other impurities are mixed into it, which can easily cause unwashed sand and gravel to condense together when stored, thereby reducing the performance of sand and gravel. While the well-washed sand has a good use effect and high market price. The Sand Making Machine &Sand Washing Machine is satisfied with the demand and became the darling of the market.
A sand washing plant with a scientific and reasonable configuration will effectively improve productivity, make customers recover costs in a shorter time, and reap more considerable economic interest.
If the raw material is natural sand such as river sand, mountain sand, or the unwashed sand you bought, there should be siloes, vibrating screens, sand washers, dewatering machines, and belt conveyors in the sand washing plant.

One machine that is heavily used for crushing and grinding tasks is the ball mill. This machine is described as a grinding device, capable to crush and transform large hard materials into fine powder. A Grinding Ball Mill is a cylindrical machine, generally used for mashing and crushing paints, ceramic materials, ores, and other hard materials. By rotating on the horizontal axis, the ball mill effectively turns hard materials into fine powder. There are different ball mills on the market, but all of them use the same working principle and are consist of the same elements. For example, grinding materials can be found in every ball mill.

Due to the different particle size composition of gold in placer gold mines, the effective particle size limits of materials processed by various gravity separation equipment are also different. Usually, the placer gold Ore Beneficiation Equipment mostly uses centrifugal concentrators as the roughing equipment. When the processing capacity is large, a jig can be used to concentrate before the centrifuge so as to reduce the quantity of centrifuge. The shaking table is always used as cleaning equipment for the centrifuge concentrates. The sluice box which is a traditional way can be used for the tailings of the centrifuge, or directly for the output of screening. Therefore, the reasonable beneficiation process of placer gold ore is mostly the combined operation of several gravity separation equipment.

Coal drying technology is divided into drum drying and drum distillation units ---- two kinds of technology. Drum drying means adopting Rotary Drying Equipment for drying to reduce the water moisture, its products are high heat value quality coal; Drum drying distillation technology refers to using rotary drum dryer and rotary distillation machine together, the dryer dehydration and heat of coal, dry distillation machine dry distillation of lignite removal volatile part and the internal moisture, the product is high heat value, low sulfur, low water moisture, low volatile of dry distillation upgrade coal.

The burning of fuel, as well as the residence time of solids depends on the gas flow rate. The calculated gas time varies according to the type of project, from 1.4 to 1.7 seconds in a calciner system with tertiary air flow up to 4 to 5 seconds in total or hybrid flow systems.
Some calciner projects induce a cyclonic or rotational movement in the gas flow inside the Calcination Equipment, giving the solids a significantly longer residence time.
That is extremely favorable so that a high degree of calcination is obtained, since most of the larger particles will be calcined. If higher calcination rates are reached during the operation, guaranteed kiln production can be exceeded.
The level of calcination will depend mainly:
1. temperature inside the calciner
2. residence time of the raw meal in the system
3. solid gas separation
4. dust circulation effect
5. kinetic behavior of raw materials

Using an AAC(Autoclaved Aerated Concrete) Block Making Machine in construction has been increasing over the years. But this is not a coincidence as concrete blocks offer multiple advantages economically, in terms of constructive performance, as well as in build quality and versatility. From the AAC Block Making Machines which are lightweight and more heat resistant to the semi-automated machines, these machines continue to evolve and the type of concrete blocks continue to improve. With the accepted notion and popularity there is now high appeal for more technologically sounded block machine models such as Automatic block making machines.

What is coal briquette?
Coal briquette is made by the Coal Briquetting Equipment which uses coal dust or coals fine as the raw material. Sometimes we add other materials like the binder or something to make the briquette as most of the coal fine is hard to form together only by briquette machine.
Why coal briquette
When we mine the coal, transport it, dry it, there comes a lot of coal dust. As matter of fact, about 20% of the coal we can get is in small particles. So, coal briquette is a good way to deal with these fine or dust as briquette has more burning value and utilization rate.

LED Grow Lights for Plant Production 
Introduction
Light is the single most important variable with respect to plant growth and development and is often the most limiting factor. Therefore, the use of grow lights in commercial greenhouses is beneficial for plants and growers. The reason for using Indoor Grow Lights varies and includes increasing light levels for plant photosynthesis or altering photoperiod. The duration of light a plant perceives is photoperiod. The different lighting sources that growers can use include incandescent (INC) lamps, tungsten-halogen lamps, fluorescent lamps and high intensity discharge (HID) lamps. Light emitting diodes (LED) are fourth generation lighting sources and are an emerging technology in horticulture.

LED Advantages

• Energy efficient
  
  
• Easy installation
  
  
• More durable
  
  
• Longer lifetime (less lamp changes)
  
  
• Low heat emission
  

"Cold-Casting" is a term used to describe the process of mixing metal powder with a resin and applying the mixture into a mold. The finished casting gives the appearance and weight of solid metal. The metal cold-cast process is faster and much less expensive when compared with foundry casting of molten metal.

Easy To Use
Metal powder is mixed into Colormatch® resin until the mixture is thick and creamy. The mixture is then "slush-cast" or brushed onto the mold surface until the resin cures. The gel coat is then back-filled with straight resin, resin mixed with metal powder, resin mixed with steel weights or rigid foam.

Aluminum
The mesh size of this Aluminium Powder is -200 vs. the -300 mesh for the other metal powders and gives a better cold cast effect compared with other mesh size powders that we tested. Polished castings are brighter vs. castings made using nickel/silver powder, which has more of an antique metal look.
Spherical Aluminium Powder is perfect for producing castings with antique brass finishes. Polish the surface to bring out the shine of the metal powder. Afterward, apply a shoe polish to add depth and character to your pieces.
Polish your castings to produce a realistic cast bronze piece. Allow the metal in your castings to achieve a natural patina or accelerate the process with patina solutions.
With Atomized Aluminium Powder, you can give your castings a bright, modern copper appearance great for low relief wall art. Burnish with black shoe polish and apply chemical patina for a stunning rustic look.
Castings made using nickel/silver powder can be polished to produce more of an antique metal look compared to the aluminum metal powder. When mixed with SmoothCast® ONYX plastic castings will have better heat resistance for applications where temperatures may exceed 200°F.

The two solid fuel boosters that burned for two minutes helping the U.S.’s old space shuttle fleet to reach its orbit each contained 80 tons of Non-spherical Aluminium Powder, which corresponds to 16 percent of the total weight of the solid fuel. "This idea of burning metals as a fuel sounds pretty far out there, but this is something that has been done in rockets forever," says Jeffrey Bergthorson, an aeronautics engineer at McGill University in Montreal, Canada. He and colleagues at McGill and at the European Space Agency published this week in Applied Energy a study outlining how metal powder could serve as a zero-carbon fuel to power transportation and the grid.
"Aluminum powder has long been known to be a very energetic material," says Bergthorson. But other metals such as magnesium—remember the magnesium flash light—zinc, and even lithium and silicon could do as well. "If we look at the elements available in the Earth's crust, iron is the third most abundant element, and the idea of the iron economy is that once you got this thing going, you will be recycling that iron. Initially you will need a production from ore, but at some point you would not be mining iron anymore, you would simply be recycling it back and forth, adding the iron in at the point of use," says Bergthorson.
Bergthorson and his colleagues' idea is not to use Aluminium Metal Powders as a primary energy source, but as a way to store, transport and trade it as a zero-carbon fuel. If this sounds similar to the idea of a hydrogen economy, it is. In the hydrogen economy the gas is manufactured by solar or other renewable forms of energy and then distributed as a fuel that can drive cars and other transport systems. Bergthorson proposes that instead iron powder would be distributed as a means to drive power plants, ships, locomotives and even cars.

Nitrile and latex are two of the most common types of general-use disposable gloves. Choose the best material for protecting your hands.
Single-use Gloves are not an essential accessory on most days, but they can be an effective illness-preventing measure. When you should wear gloves depends on what you’re doing, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The type of disposable gloves you wear is up to you. Gloves used as personal protective equipment (PPE) are made of many different materials; some are used in chemical laboratories, while others are best for medical workers. Nitrile and latex are two of the most common materials for general-use disposable gloves. Before deciding between nitrile vs. latex, there are a few questions to answer: What are nitrile gloves, and how do they compare to latex?

What Are Nitrile and Latex Gloves Used For?
PPE, such as a face mask, is most often used by people who work with the public, including lifeguards, first responders and healthcare providers. When it comes to nitrile vs. latex, both serve the same basic purpose. Latex and Nitrile Gloves are lightweight, stretchy hand coverings that protect the wearer from direct contact with whatever they may touch, which defends first aid and healthcare providers from bloodborne pathogens. They can also prevent foodborne illnesses and skin irritation caused by household cleaners, as well as the spread of infectious diseases.
The CDC recommends wearing PPE when caring for someone who is sick and when sanitizing and disinfecting your home. Frequently-touched surfaces like doorknobs, light switches and countertops harbor tons of germs, and the cleaning products that actually disinfect can be harsh on your skin.
While disposable gloves help keep you safe by blocking direct skin contact, they are not the most effective way to prevent getting sick. The most important protective measure is frequent and thorough hand washing. Always wash your hands with soap and water after removing gloves. The U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) does not recommend reusing or washing disposable gloves or other disposable PPE — effectiveness wanes with repeated use.

Why Would Someone Choose Nitrile vs. Latex?
Although nitrile and latex gloves are incredibly common forms of PPE, there are a few reasons why you might pick one over the other. The first is whether you or anyone in your household has a latex allergy. The use of Latex Gloves can cause a rash, hives, swelling and more when used by someone with a latex sensitivity. Gloves made from “synthetic materials, such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), nitrile, or polyurethane,” are safer for people with latex allergies, according to the FDA.
Latex gloves are popular due to their elasticity and comfort, says the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) guide to personal protective equipment. Nitrile gloves, on the other hand, are more durable and resistant to punctures and chemicals. Overall, nitrile gloves may be the more versatile option. Whichever you choose, always stock protective gloves in your garage, shop or cleaning cupboard to keep your hands safe and sanitary.

Latex: Widely considered to be the most comfortable glove type available, offering a ‘second skin’ feeling, Rubber Gloves offer protection against water-based chemicals, biological hazards, and skin irritants. However, they generally aren’t as robust as nitrile gloves and can result in allergic reactions to latex.

Valves come in numerous sizes and configurations and are used in thousands of applications across various industries. Likewise, there are various types of valves used in piping systems. These valves vary by operating mechanism/principle, function and design.

Most common valve types and applications

• Ball valves: Ball Valves are quarter-turn valves that can be used for flow stoppage or flow modulation. They contain a horizontally hollowed-out sphere sitting tightly in the middle of the valve. When the valve is open, the hollow side aligns with the flow. The valve can also be placed in a partially open/closed position. Ball valves work well in high-pressure applications.
  
  
• Butterfly valves: Butterfly valves contain a flat disk/flap that swivels sideways to allow, block or regulate flow. These valves are often used in power plants and wastewater plants as shut off or regulating valves. While they are cheaper and smaller than ball valves, they are not good for high-pressure applications.
  
  
• Check valves: Check Valves allow the flow of media in one direction while preventing flow in the opposite direction. These valves typically have an inlet and an outlet port and operate using differential pressure. They are used to prevent reverse flow — a problematic phenomenon that can occur in piping systems, in which media flows in the wrong direction. This phenomenon can have profound implications such as problematic flow, contamination of the flowing media and damage to the piping system. There are various types of check valves, best suited to different applications.
  
  
• Plug valves: In plug valves, cylindrical or conical plugs are used to control flow. The plug has a horizontal hole through which the media flows. To open the valve, the plug is rotated sideways to align the hole to the flow. Plug valves can commonly be found in radiators, heaters and air systems.
  
  
• Gate valves: Gate Valves are linearly operated valves that contain barriers referred to as gates. The gates are raised and lowered to open and close the valve, respectively. Gate valves are designed to be completely open or completely closed and are not suitable for flow regulation.
  
  
• Globe valves: Globe Valves consist of a globe-shaped disc that blocks flow by closing against an orifice. The globe is raised and lowered by an outside stem and yoke, otherwise known as OS&Y. Unlike gate valves, globe valves can be used to regulate flow as they can be partially opened and partially closed.